Nectar cultivation and benefits

 papaya is a major fruit in the tropical and subtropical climates of the world.  Therefore, it can be cultivated in all tropical and subtropical regions of India.  It is very nutritious.  It is used as a raw vegetable and ripe fruit.  It bears fruit all year round and bears fruit 6 months after planting.

 It is rich in vitamins A and C.  Jams and jellies are also made from raw nectar.  It is used in diseases such as indigestion, hemorrhoids, diarrhea, blood, bile and jaundice.

 Origin

 It originates in the tropics of the United States.  It came to India in the 1700s.

 Climate

 It is a summer fruit and a summer fruit.  It can't stand the cold and the snow.  Temperatures range from 10 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius.  It can be cultivated at an altitude of 1,000 to 1,200 meters above sea level.

 Soil

 Dorsa patumati and dorsa sandy soil, which can be drained, are the best.  Appropriate fertilizer can be applied to sandy soils.  Soil acidity should be between 5.5 and 7.5.  Waterlogged clay and dirt are not suitable.

 Improved seeds

 There are so many types it's hard to say.  The main varieties are Honeydew, Kurg Honeydew, Coimbatore, 1,2,3,3,6,5,

 Washington, Sunrise Solo, Ranchi, Pusa Delicias, Pusa Majesti, Pusanna, Pusa Jant, Pusa Warf, Solo, Farm Selection, Mukunda Foundation, Madhubindu, Taiwan, Tokita, etc.

 Here are some of the ones I found to be interesting:

 Honeydew

 This is especially true for northern India.  Very fruitful on the tree.  As a result, the seeds are low and the fruit is delicious.

 Kurga Hanider

 That's the decent thing to do, and it should end there.  It's kind of bisexual.  The fruits are long.  The height of the tree is relatively low and very fruitful.  This is very good in Odisha, India.

 Coimbatore-1

 The Ranchi variety originates from the Coimbatore Agricultural University.  It is smaller than other trees.  The fruits are round or ovate and ripe in color.  In addition, co 2, co 3, co 6, co 6 are also very good varieties.

 Washington

 The fruits are copper-shaped, medium to large, 20 cm long and 60 cm round.  The fruits weigh about 1 to 2 kg and are very sweet.

 Pusa Delicius

 The tree has both male and female flowers.  The fruits are medium in size and very tasty.

 Pusa Majesty

 It also has flowers like Pusa Delicius.  The fruits are medium in size and round.  This is a good quality, the fruit lasts longer and can be shipped far away.  This type of disease has a strong immune system.

 Push Just

 This is a separate gender.  It has a lot of fruit.  It begins to grow at a height of about 25 to 30 cm.  So the wind can withstand.  The fruit weighs 2.5 kg to 3.5 kg.

 Pusha Warf

 It's also a separate gender.  It has a lot of fruit.  It begins to grow at a height of about 25 to 30 cm.  The fruits weigh one kg and are ovate.  These varieties are planted at short distances.

 Taiwan

 That's the decent thing to do, and it should end there.  When ripe, the nectar is beautiful on the outside.  After ripening, the rice stays long for a long time.  Amrit Bhanda weighs 2 to 3 kg.  Myphilis is abundant in trees.

 Reproduction

  Immortal stems are usually propagated by seeds.  Seeds are harvested from well-nourished fruit trees.  The seeds should be collected immediately and buried.  Seeds are also collected from reliable nurseries.  So the seeds are sown within two months of picking.  The longer the seed is harvested, the slower the growth of the tree.  500 g of seeds are required per hectare of land.  One kilogram of seeds is treated with 1 gram bevistin or 1 gram captain or 2 gram thiram.

 Preparation of saplings

 The basement is three meters long, one meter wide and 15-20 cm high.  Adequate accountability in the basement allows the seedlings to grow well.  The basement is cleaned and the seeds are sown.  The seed is sown at a distance of 2.5 cm from the seed, except for 15 cm.  The seeds are covered with straw and covered with straw and watered with water.  After 15 to 20 days, the stalks are removed after germination.  The seedlings are then grown on polythene beads.  The plant is planted on 4/4 leaves or 15-20 cm in polythene.

 Farming methods

 In order to cultivate nectar, the soil is first well-drained and the soil is cleared.  Then you have to dig a hole of 7.5 x 7.5 x 7.5 cm at a distance of 3 meters.  For low-altitude species, a distance of 1.4 x 1.8 m is allowed.  After digging a hole, it is best to apply a 3: 1 ratio of the topsoil and well-drained manure.  Adding 500 grams of organic matter per gallon yields good results.

 Seedlings are usually planted in May-June, September-October and February-March.  Apply 3 seedlings in a triangle per hole.  If both sexes are nectarine, plant one or two saplings.  It is best to plant an upright tree.  It blooms in nectar for 6 months.  Put one mega tree in each hole and uproot the other tree.  Keep an egg tree at 8/10 megapixel.

 Fertilizer application.

 2 bags of compost fertilizer per plant will yield 400 grams of CN fertilizer or 200 grams of urea fertilizer and 250 grams of super phosphate.  Once the fruit is harvested, half of the above fertilizer will have to be paid.  Arrangements can also be made for green manure in place of planting nectar.  After planting, beans, beans, shrubs, etc. are added to the soil.

 Irrigation application.

 Without irrigation, commercial cultivation of nectar is not profitable.  One fruit tree needs about 10-12 liters of water a day.  Irrigation is carried out at intervals of 5-6 days on dry days and 10-14 days in winter depending on the soil moisture and weather.  Irrigation at a distance of 30 cm by raising the roots of the trees and surrounding the trees yields higher yields.  Amritbhanda needed a lot of water, but if the water got to the root, the tree would die.  That fact must be taken into account. "  Irrigation can be very beneficial with nectar.

 How to control pests and diseases.

 Prevention of root and fungal diseases.

 Waterlogged spots appear on the top part of the soil just above the soil.  The front leaves are all yellow and fall off.  The fruit also withers and falls.  Usually during the rainy season, the stems of a tree planted in the soil rot and rot.  In some cases, swelling or cracking may occur.  Goats also come out of the gutter.  It is caused by two types of fungi in the soil.  One is Pythium aphanidermatum, and the other is Rhizoctonia solani.

 Remedy

 Choose a well-drained land.

 Get the infected tree out of the garden.

 Dilute the root soil with a solution of emisone (0.2%) or rhodomile or calcination (0.1%) or daconil (0.2%).

 Spray and dissolve the soil from the roots to the roots and the soil in a Bordeaux mixture (5.5.50).

 Down syndrome:

 In this disease, the bottom rotates around the bottom.  The disease is most common during the rainy season.  The highest humidity is 20 to 25 degrees Celsius, and the water level in the soil is high.

 Remedy:

 Do not select low land for the bottom.

 Apply 2% formaldehyde to the soil before sowing.

 Before sowing, purify the seeds with cereal or captan or daconil or brasil or redomil.

 If the disease occurs, spray bevistin (0.1%) on the lower abdomen.

 Asthma

 On both sides of the leaf are white powdery lining.  The fruit also has white spots.  The affected leaves fall off.  As a result, the yield is reduced.  High humidity, moderate temperatures and cloudy weather are likely to cause the disease.

 Remedy: Spray sulfex (0.2%) or vetsal (0.2%) or bevistin (0.1%).

 Anthracnose

 The disease occurs in the leaves and in the fruit.  At first, the brown round spots appear, and then the spots appear together.  The edges of the stains appear to be swollen.  The fruit is coarse-grained, and the leaves are drooping.  The disease is more common when the fruit is ripe.

 Remedy

 The use of bavistin or jacetin or toxin M at intervals of 20 days, or at least 10 days after ethanol M (45% daconyl) (0.2%), is effective.  The final spray should be done 10 days before harvest.

 Leaf picker

 The leaves become thinner and smaller.  The veins of the leaves are visible.  The leaves are twisted in and out.  The leaf deflection is also twisted.  It is a viral disease.  The virus is spread by a type of white fly.

 Remedy

 Uproot or bury infected trees.

 The disease can be controlled by spraying white flies with spray.

 Tomatoes, tobacco, gujarati and ginia flowers should not be planted near the Amritbhanda Kiari, as all these crops are highly contagious.

 Mosaic disease

 In this disease, the leaves become very twisted, turn yellow, and become small.  The veins of the leaves are visible.  Long watery spots appear on the stem and leaf defects.  The fruit is small and small.  It is a viral disease.  It is mainly caused by a kind of aphid.

 Remedy

 Get the sick tree out of the garden.

 The disease does not occur in the nectar of Carica Califorra.  Therefore, in areas where the mosaic disease is most prevalent, it should be tolerated.

 The nectar of the nectar

 In Amritbhanda, sutras are found.  Before planting, the seeds can be treated with peanut butter or peanut butter.

 End crop

 The tree does not grow quickly for 3 months after planting.  So at this time, beans, beans, eggplants, radishes, vegetables, etc. can be taken as inter-crop crops.  This allows the land to be protected from weeds.  Amritbhanda can also be used as an indoor crop in the early stages of fruit orchards such as mangoes, litchi, and sapeta.

 Harvest

 ପର୍ଯ୍ୟନ୍ତ It bears good fruit for two years.  Amritbhanda lasts for 5-6 years and produces profitable products for 3 years.  3 months after flowering, the fruit is suitable for vegetables, and 5 months later, the fruits turn green from yellow to green.  In this case, it ripens in 5-6 days.  It can be kept below 20 degrees Celsius for a few days.  One tree yields at least 15 kg in the first year and 30 kg in the second year and 30 kg in the third year.

 Peppermint

 The raw fruits of the nectar emit a kind of white adhesive juice.  It is dried and made of papyrus.  It is in high demand in international markets such as England and the United States.  In the industrial sector, peppermint is used in the textile and leather industries.  It helps to make the meat cook and make cosmetics to clean the wine.  The amount of peppermint produced by a single fruit depends on its type, size, maturity, and season.

 How to make peppermint

 Peppermint is usually extracted from 70 to 100 days of nectar.  At around 10 a.m., the fruit has to be cut four times.  The cut should be 3 cm deep.  Milk from the cut is collected in aluminum trays or glass containers.  In addition, the use of other containers can damage the quality of the peppermint by chemical processes.  With the exception of 3/4 days, 3/4 of the time the fruit is not harvested, milk is collected through such cuts.  The milk is dried at a temperature of 50 to 55 degrees Celsius.  If 0.05% potassium metabai sulfate is added to the milk before drying, it can be stored for a long time.  The peppermint has to be dried until it is crushed.  This piece of paper is crushed and rolled in a net and stored in a plastic bag.

 A maximum of 8.75 grams of peppermint is collected from one nectar store in Washington.  An average of 45-60 kg of peppermint is collected from one acre of nectar.

 Benefits of cultivating nectar

 Proper cultivation of nectar will cost Rs 32,000 per hectare in the first year, Rs 16,000 in the second year and Rs 16,000 in the third year.  In the first year, 3,500 will be available for 3 years.  The cost will be Rs 1,16,000 in three years.  So cultivating it is more profitable.